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The value of a finished wafer can reach 1.35 million yuan

2023/3/9 11:21:33

We recently read the news all know that the major news reports are full of "semiconductor, silicon, photovoltaic, price" words, today, the first level of the king for everyone under the unknown knowledge of semiconductor.

First ask you a few questions: What is the difference between wafers and silicon wafers? What is the difference between Wafer, chip and die? How many qualified chips can one wafer produce?

You're confused. Don't worry. Look down. Understand this, and you become a semiconductor expert.

What is the difference between wafers and silicon wafers?
In fact, we all indirectly use "silicon" in our lives. However, the silicon wafer on mobile phones and computers is a semiconductor silicon wafer, which is generally round, so it is called "wafer silicon", that is, "wafer";

The silicon wafer of solar power generation has more rectangles, which is directly called "photovoltaic silicon wafer".

In fact, wafers are also a subdivision of silicon wafers, but semiconductor wafers require the purity of silicon wafers to be between 9N-11N (99.9999999%-99.999999999%), and the purity requirement is at least 1000 times that of photovoltaic monocrystal silicon wafers. Why is that?

Because the production of chips involves 2000-5000 processes, assuming that the yield of each process is 99.9%, then 99.9%2000=13.5%, so the final pass rate is still very low, so the purity of semiconductor wafers is very high.

High demand, high price. The factory price of 12-inch semiconductor wafers is 12,000 yuan (the foundry price of 12-inch wafers is about 60,00RMB), and the factory price of photovoltaic silicon wafers of Longi shares is 5.87 yuan, which is a big difference, just because there are three fewer 9s.

Second, what is the difference between Wafer, chip and die?
An entire semiconductor wafer; The single square module inside is called the chip, that is, die; After many processes, die is made into the final chip, that is, chip. It's pretty simple.

How many qualified chips can a crystal circle produce?

Let's look at the wafer above, let's say it's 12 inches. At present, the so-called 6-inch, 12-inch or 18-inch wafers in the industry are actually short for wafer diameter, but this inch is an estimate. The actual wafer diameter is divided into 150mm, 300mm and 450mm, and 12 inches is about 305mm, so it is called a 12-inch wafer for convenience.

How many chips can be cut out of a wafer? This is determined by the size of your die and the size of the wafer and the yield.

After simple calculation of the above formula, it can be obtained: a 12-inch diameter can cut 600-700 pieces of Intel i7 chips, considering the yield, about 450 pieces will be formed; The Intel i7-8700 14nm process has 5.6 billion transistors, and the price is 3,000 RMB, so the 12-inch diameter of the finished product is worth about 1.35 million RMB.

This is not even the most advanced 5 or 7nm process, and the value reaches 1.35 million RMB.

So, someone give me an 18-inch wafer, I'm very happy.

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